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- 0514 Pope Hormisdas assumes.Roman Catholic Church.
- 1402 Ottoman-Timurid Wars: Battle of Ankara - Timur, ruler of Timurid Empire, defeated forces of the Ottoman Empire sultan Bayezid I.
- 1656 Swedish forces under the command of King Charles X Gustav defeats the forces of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth at the Battle of Warsaw.
- 1712 The Riot Act takes effect in Great Britain.
- 1738 North America: French explorer Pierre Gaultier de Varennes et de la Vrendrye reaches the western shore of Lake Michigan.
- 1773 Scottish settlers arrive at Pictou, Nova Scotia (Canada)
- 1810 Citizens of Bogot, New Granada declare independence from Spain.
- 1810 Colombia declared independence from Spain
- 1861 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Peachtree Creek - Near Atlanta, Georgia, Confederate forces led by General John Bell Hood unsuccessfully attack Union troops under General William T. Sherman.
- 1861 Confederate state's congress began holding sessions in Richmond, Va
- 1864 Battle of Peachtree Creek-Atlanta Campaign
- 1866 Austro-Prussian War: Battle of Lissa - The Austrian Navy , led by Admiral Wilhelm von Tegetthoff, defeats the Italian Navy near the island of Vis in the Adriatic Sea.
- 1868 The first use of tax stamps on cigarettes
- 1871 British Columbia is admitted to the Dominion of Canada. One of the conditions of entry is that the Dominion Government should, within two years from the date of union, commence the construction of a railway from the Pacific towards the Rocky Mountains and from a point east of the Rocky Mountains towards the Pacific to connect the seaboard of British Columbia with the railway system of Canada. Sir Sandford Fleming was appointed Engineer-in-Chief of this railway which was to be completed by 1881.
- 1871 British Columbia joins the confederation of Canada.
- 1872 Mahlon Loomis receives patent for wireless ... the radio is born
- 1872 The US Patent Office awards the first patent for wireless telegraphy to Mahlon Loomis.
- 1877 Rioting in Baltimore, Maryland by Baltimore and Ohio Railroad workers is put down by the state militia, resulting in nine deaths.
- 1878 The first telephone introduced in Hawaii
- 1881 Indian Wars:Sioux Chief Sitting Bull leads the last of his fugitive people in surrender to US troops at Fort Buford, North Dakota
- 1881 Sioux Indian leader Sitting Bull, surrenders to federal troops
- 1885 The Football Association legalises professionalism in football under pressure from the British Football Association.
- 1890 Snow & hail in Calais, ME
- 1894 2000 fed troops recalled from Chicago, having ended Pullman strike
- 1894 The troops sent by Grover Cleveland to Chicago to end the Pullman Strike are recalled.
- 1903 Ford Motor Company shipped its first car.
- 1903 Giuseppe Sarto elected Pope Pius X
- 1907 A train wreck on the Pere Marquette Railroad near Salem, Michigan kills thirty and injures seventy more.
- 1916 American cricketer, John Barton King plays his last match for the Philadelphian cricket team
- 1916 World War I: In Armenia, Russian troops capture Gumiskhanek.
- 1917 WW I draft lottery held; #258 is first drawn
- 1917 World War I: The Corfu Declaration, which leads to the creation of the post-war Kingdom of Yugoslavia, is signed by the Yugoslav Committee and Kingdom of Serbia.
- 1921 Air mail service begins between New York City and San Francisco.
- 1921 Congresswoman Alice Mary Robertson became the first woman to preside over the US House of Representatives.
- 1922 Togo made a mandate of the League of Nations
- 1924 Teheran, Persia comes under martial law after the American vice consul, Robert Imbrie, is killed by a religious mob enraged by rumors he had poisoned a fountain and killed several people.
- 1926 A convention of the Methodist Church votes to allow women to become priests.
- 1928 The government of Hungary issues a decree ordering Gypsies to end their nomadic ways, settle permanently in one place, and subject themselves to the same laws and taxes as other Hungarians.
- 1929 Soviet troops attempt to cross the Amur River into Manchuria near Blagoveschensk as tensions mount between the Soviet Union and the Republic of China.
- 1930 106ø F (41ø C), Washington, DC (district record)
- 1932 Crowds in the capitals of Bolivia and Paraguay demand their governments declare war on the other after fighting on their border.
- 1932 In Washington, D.C., police fire tear gas on World War I veterans part of the Bonus Expeditionary Force who attempt to march to the White House.
- 1933 Germany: Two-hundred Jewish merchants are arrested in Nuremberg and paraded through the streets.
- 1933 In London, 500,000 march against anti-Semitism.
- 1933 Vice-Chancellor of Germany Franz von Papen and Vatican Cardinal Eugenio Pacelli sign a concordat on behalf of their respective nations.
- 1934 118ø F (48ø C), Keokuk, Iowa (state record)
- 1934 Labor unrest in the US, as police in Minneapolis fire upon striking truck drivers, wounding fifty; Seattle police led by the mayor police fire tear gas on and club 2,000 striking longshoremen, and the governor of Oregon calls out the National Guard to break a strike on the Portland docks.
- 1935 Riots between Muslims and Sikhs over a mosque in Lahore, India leave eleven dead.
- 1935 Switzerland: A Royal Dutch Airlines plane en route from Milan to Frankfurt crashes into a Swiss mountain, killing thirteen.
- 1936 The Montreux Convention is signed in Switzerland, authorizing Turkey to fortify the Dardanelles and Bosphorus but guaranteeing free passage to ships of all nations in peacetime.
- 1937 Guglielmo Marconi dies Mr. Marconi played a major role in the development of early radio. Born in Italy, he studied engineering. Marconi began experimenting with crude radio devices at the age of 20, and he later moved to England, where he won government support for his work.
- 1937 Two black men accused of stabbing a policeman are taken by a mob from the county jail in Tallahassee, Florida and lynched.
- 1938 Finland awarded 1940 Olympic games after Japan withdraws
- 1938 The Justice Department files suit in New York City against the motion picture industry charging violations of anti-trust law. The case would eventually result in a break-up of the industry in 1948.
- 1940 Denmark leaves the League of Nations.
- 1940 Singles record charts first published by Billboard-Tommy Dorsey #1
- 1941 Soviet leader Joseph Stalin consolidates the Commissariats of Home Affairs and National Security to form the NKVD and names Lavrenti Beria its chief.
- 1942 Legion of Merit Medal authorized by congress
- 1942 Women's Army Auxiliary Corps began basic training at Fort Des Moines
- 1943 Visitor posting - Bette Paterson N.J. was born - USA
- 1944 Abortive attempt on Hitler's life by a group of Nazi officers.
- 1944 Fifty are hurt in rioting in front of the presidential palace in Mexico City.
- 1944 Pres FDR nominated for an unprecedented 4th term at Dem convention
- 1944 US invades Japanese-occupied Guam in WW II
- 1944 Von Stauffenberg fails on an attempt on Hitler's life
- 1945 Visitor posting - Bruce Burbage Bishop, Born chipman, New Brunswick at 3:05 AM - Canada
- 1945 The US Congress approves the Bretton Woods Agreement.
- 1946 World War II: The US Congress's Pearl Harbor Committee says Franklin D. Roosevelt was completely blameless for the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and calls for a unified command structure in the armed forces.
- 1947 Police in Burma arrest former Prime Minister U Saw and 19 others on charges of assassinating Prime Minister U Aung San and seven members of his cabinet.
- 1947 The Viceroy of India says the people of the Northwest Frontier Province overwhelmingly voted the previous day to join Pakistan rather than India.
- 1948 In New York City, twelve leaders of the Communist Party USA are indicted under the Smith Act including William Z. Foster and Gus Hall.
- 1949 Israel and Syria sign a truce to end their nineteen-month war.
- 1950 "Arthur Murray Party" premiers on ABC TV (later DuMont, CBS, NBC)
- 1950 Cold War: In Philadelphia, Harry Gold pleads guilty to spying for the Soviet Union by passing secrets from atomic scientist Klaus Fuchs.
- 1951 Abdullah Ibn Hussein Jordan's King assassinated in Jerusalem
- 1951 King Abdullah I of Jordan is assassinated by a Palestinian while attending Friday prayers in Jerusalem.
- 1953 The United Nations Economic and Social Council votes to make UNICEF a permanent agency.
- 1954 At Geneva, Switzerland, an armistice is signed that ends fighting in Vietnam and divides the country along the 17th parallel.
- 1954 Germany: Otto John, head of West Germany's secret service, defects to East Germany.
- 1954 Tennis Champ Maureen Connolly's right leg is crushed in an accident
- 1954 Two-and-a-half months after the French defeat at Dien Bien Phu in northern Vietnam, France agreed to recognize Vietnamese sovereignty at the Geneva Conference
- 1955 Visitor posting - Lorraine Weddle of Yakima, Washington was born. - USA
- 1956 France recognizes Tunisia's independence
- 1956 USS Thetis Bay (CVHA 1), first helicopter assault carrier, was commissioned at San Francisco, Formerly CVE 90, Thetis Bay was converted to operate helicopters and to accommodate 1,000 Marine combat troops to be flown ashore in the vertical development tactics of amphibious assault.
- 1957 Visitor posting - Susan Rastella was born in New York City - USA [email protected]
- 1957 Phil Hanna singer (Once Upon a Tune), dies at 46
- 1958 Twenty-six are dead in an explosion at a military base near Kokin Breg, Yugoslavia.
- 1959 The Organization for European Economic Cooperation admits Spain.
- 1960 Belgium defends its intervention in the Congo to the United Nations Security Council while the government of the Congo appeals to the Soviet Union to send troops to push back the Belgians. The governments of the US and France and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization warn the Soviets to stay out of the dispute.
- 1960 The Polaris missile is successfully launched from a submarine, the USS George Washington, for the first time.
- 1960 The head of the Physics Department at the Israel Institute of Technology, Kurt Sitte, is arrested for espionage.
- 1960 USSR recovered 2 dogs; first living organisms to return from space
- 1961 French military forces break the Tunisian siege of Bizerte.
- 1961 Number one hit on UK music charts - Everly Brothers - Temptation
- 1962 Earthquakes in Colombia kill 40.
- 1964 The first surfin' record to go #1-Jan & Dean's "Surf City"
- 1965 46.18 cm (18.18") of rainfall, Edgarton, Missouri (state 24-hr record)
- 1965 In Hayneville, Alabama, two civil rights protesters, one a priest and the other a seminarian, are shot by a deputy sheriff. The seminarian dies of his wounds.
- 1965 Turkish prime minister Suat Hayri Urguplu returns from a visit to Moscow and announces the Soviet Union will provide aid to his country.
- 1967 Race riots in Memphis Tenn
- 1968 Iron Butterfly's "In-a-gadda-da-vida" becomes the first heavy metal song to hit the charts, it comes in at #117
- 1968 Jane Asher breaks her engagement with Paul McCartney on live TV
- 1969 At 10:56 p.m. EDT, American astronaut Neil Armstrong, nearly 240,000 miles from earth, spoke these words to millions listening at home
- 1969 Cease fire announced between Honduras and El Salvador, 6 days after the beginning of the "Football War"
- 1969 The first men on Moon, Neil Armstrong & Edwin Aldrin, Apollo 11
- 1970 The first baby born on Alcatraz Island
- 1971 The Soviet Union says it will support the People's Republic of China's admission to the United Nations
- 1973 First coast-to-coast black-owned and operated radio network: The National Black Network (NBN) begins operations.
- 1973 Palestianian terrorists hijack a Japan Airlines jet en route from Amsterdam to Japan and force it down in Dubai.
- 1973 Seventy-three government officials and military officers are charged with conspiracy to overthrow the Greek government.
- 1973 The US Senate passes the War Powers Act.
- 1973 Vietnam War: In testimony by Assistant Secretary of Defense Jerry Friedheim to the US Senate Committee on Armed Services, the US Defense Department admits it lied to US Congress about bombing Cambodia .
- 1973 Visitor posting - The actor and kung fu legend Bruce Lee passes away. UK [email protected]
- 1974 Allen Jenkins actor (Fugitive from a Chain Gang), dies at 74
- 1974 Turkish occupation of Cyprus: Forces from Turkey invade Cyprus after a "coup d' etat", organised by the dictator of Greece, against president Makarios. NATO's Council praises the US and the United Kingdom for attempts to settle the dispute. Syria and Egypt put their militaries on alert.
- 1975 India expels three reporters from The Times, The Daily Telegraph, and Newsweek because they refused to sign a pledge to abide by government censorship.
- 1976 On the seventh anniversary of the Apollo 11 lunar landing, the Viking 1 lander, an unmanned U.S. planetary probe
- 1976 The Viking 1 lander successfully lands on Mars.
- 1976 US Viking 1 lands on Mars at Chryse Planitia, first Martian landing
- 1976 Vietnam War: The US military completes its troop withdrawal from Thailand.
- 1977 Flash flood hits Johnstown, Pa, kills 80 & causing $350 mil damage
- 1977 The Central Intelligence Agency releases documents under the Freedom of Information Act revealing it had engaged in mind control experiments.
- 1979 44-kg Newfoundland dog pulls 2293-kg load, Bothell, Wash
- 1982 Bombs planted by Irish Republican Army explode in 2 London parks
- 1982 Hyde Park and Regents Park bombings: The Provisional IRA detonates two bombs in Hyde Park and Regents Park in central London, killing eight soldiers, wounding forty-seven people, and leading to the deaths of seven horses.
- 1983 Frank Reynolds news anchor (ABC Evening News), dies at 59
- 1983 The Israeli cabinet votes to withdraw troops from Beirut but to remain in southern Lebanon.
- 1984 Officials of the Miss America pageant ask Vanessa Lynn Williams to quit after Penthouse published nude photos of her.
- 1984 Uwe Hohn of East Germany throws javelin a record 104.8 m
- 1985 Divers find wreck of Spanish galleon Atocha
- 1985 The government of Aruba passes legislation to secede from the Netherlands Antilles.
- 1986 Helen Craig actress (Rich Man Poor Man), dies at 74
- 1986 In Cambridge, Gerald Amirault of the Fells Acres Day Care Center is convicted of molesting nine children.
- 1986 In South Africa, police fire tear gas into a church service for families of those held under the government's emergency decrees.
- 1986 Visitor posting - July 20 1986 Johnathan was born
- 1987 Visitor posting - Sean-Michael was born - USA
- 1988 Michael Dukakis selected Democratic presidential nominee
- 1989 93ø F, highest overnight low ever recorded in Phoenix Arizona
- 1989 Burma's ruling junta puts opposition leader Daw Aung San Suu Kyi under house arrest.
- 1989 Photographer Robert Mapplethorpe's show opens at Washington, D.C.'s Project for the Arts after the Smithsonian Institution's Corcoran Gallery cancels it.
- 1990 A Provisional Irish Republican Army bomb explodes at the International Stock Exchange in London.
- 1990 Haiti asks the US to send observers to monitor its upcoming elections.
- 1990 Justice William Brennan resigns from the Supreme Court after 36 years
- 1991 Kirk Cameron marries Growing Pains co-star Chelsea Noble in upstate NY
- 1991 Mike Tyson is accused of raping a Miss Black America contestant
- 1992 Visitor posting - colyn johnston was born in St. augustine, florida - USA
- 1992 A TU-154 cargo plane crashes in the suburbs of Tbilisi, Georgia, killing forty.
- 1992 Vclav Havel resigns as president of Czechoslovakia.
- 1993 Visitor posting - July 20 1993 Mu$$ab Abouabdalla is Born
- 1994 Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9's Fragment Q1 hits Jupiter.
- 1994 Israel's Shimon Peres visits Jordan, the highest ranking Israeli official to do so
- 1995 The Regents of the University of California vote to end all affirmative action in the UC system by 1997.
- 1995 Visitor posting - Emily Lauren Melton was born
- 1996 In Spain, an ETA bomb at an airport kills 35
- 1998 On this day in 1998, Attorneys General from 20 states dropped some of their antitrust charges against Microsoft, narrowing their focus in the antitrust case.
- 1998 Two hundred aid workers from CARE International, Doctors Without Borders and other aid groups leave Afghanistan on orders of the Taliban.
- 1999 Visitor posting - July 20 1999 Zoe Adara born
- 1999 The practise Falun Gong is officially banned and defined as an "evil cult" (xiejiao) by the government of the People's Republic of China, and a large-scale crackdown of its practitioners is launched.
- 2000 In Zimbabwe, Parliament opens its new session and seats opposition members for the first time in a decade.
- 2000 Terrorist Carlos the Jackal sues France in the European Court of Human Rights for allegedly torturing him.
- 2000 The leaders of Salt Lake City's bid to win the 2002 Winter Olympics are indicted by a federal grand jury for bribery, fraud, and racketeering.
- 2001 Visitor posting - Lily Rose Vanderslice was born. - USA
- 2001 Italy: The 27th Annual G8 summit opens in Genoa. An Italian protester in Genoa, Carlo Giuliani, is shot by police.
- 2001 The London Stock Exchange goes public.
- 2002 South America: A fire in a discotheque in Lima, Peru kills over twenty-five.
- 2003 France: Sixteen people are injured after two bombs explode outside a tax office in Nice.
- 2003 Richard Sambrook, the Director of BBC News, reveals that David Kelly was the source of claims that Downing Street had "sexed up" the "Dodgy Dossier".
- 2008 Jewish Holiday - The 17th of Tammuz - Work permitted
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