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- 0409 Vandals and Alans crossed the Pyrenees and appeared in Hispania.
- 1282 Nichiren Daishonin, founder of the Nichiren School of Buddhism, dies. His ashes are interred at Taisekiji Temple.
- 1307 Hundreds of Knights Templar in France are simultaneously arrested by agents of Phillip the Fair, to be later tortured into "admitting" heresy.
- 1483 Rabbi Issac Abarbanel starts his exegesis on the Bible
- 1492 Columbus and his crew land in the Bahamas
- 1773 The Whirlpool Galaxy was discovered by Charles Messier
- 1775 Continental Congress orders construction of a naval fleet
- 1775 The United States Continental Congress orders the establishment of the Continental Navy (later renamed the United States Navy).
- 1792 Washington lays cornerstone of the Executive Mansion (White House)
- 1812 Battle of Queenston Heights
- 1843 B'nai B'rith founded in NY
- 1843 In New York City, Henry Jones and 11 others found B'nai B'rith (the oldest Jewish service organization in the world).
- 1845 A majority of voters in the Republic of Texas approve a proposed constitution, that if accepted by the U.S. Congress, will make Texas a U.S. state.
- 1845 Texas ratifies a state constitution
- 1860 First aerial photo taken in US (from a balloon), Boston
- 1870 The Kappa Kappa Gamma fraternity is founded at Monmouth College in Monmouth, Illinois, by six pioneering women.
- 1871 The Delphic Fraternity is founded as the Delphic Society at the State Normal School in Geneseo, New York.
- 1881 Revival of the Hebrew language as Eliezer Ben-Yehuda and friends agree to use Hebrew exclusively in their conversations.
- 1884 Greenwich established as universal time meridian of longitude.
- 1885 The Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech) is founded in Atlanta, Georgia.
- 1890 The Delta Chi fraternity is founded by 11 law students at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York.
- 1892 Edward Emerson Barnard discovers D/1892 T1 (Barnard 3), the first comet discovered by photographic means, on the night of October 13-14.
- 1914 The Algoma Central and Hudson Bay Railway is opened throughout between Sault Ste. Marie and Hearst, Ont. Construction was started in 1899 and it was opened in stages as follows: Hawk Junction (junction with the Michipicoten Branch) - 1911. Franz, (crossing with CP) - mid 1912. Oba (crossing with CN) - late 1912. . The name was shortened to Algoma Central in 1965.
- 1917 The "Miracle of the Sun" is witnessed by an estimated 70,000 people in the Cova da Iria in Ftima, Portugal.
- 1918 Mehmed Talat Pasha and the Young Turk (C.U.P.) ministry resign and sign an armistice, ending Ottoman participation in World War I.
- 1919 Race riot at Elaine Arkansas
- 1923 Ankara replaces Istanbul as the capital of Turkey.
- 1943 Of 600 prisoners in Sobibor's Camp #1 who revolt and try to escape, most eventually are caught and killed.
- 1943 World War II: The new government of Italy sides with the Allies and declares war on Germany.
- 1944 US First army begins battle of Aachen
- 1944 World War II: Riga, the capital of Latvia is seized by the Red Army.
- 1946 France adopts the constitution of the Fourth Republic.
- 1949 Visitor posting - The world famous Robert Frederick Smith was born. - USA
- 1953 Burglar alarm-ultrasonic or radio waves-patented-Samuel Bagno
- 1957 German Dem Rep recalls the East Mark and issues new currency
- 1958 Burial of Eugenio Pacelli, Pope Pius XII on the 41st anniversary of the "Miracle of the Sun".
- 1959 Visitor posting - Neil Schrieber was born in Warragul, Victoria, Australia
- 1960 1960 World Series: Pittsburgh Pirates second baseman Bill Mazeroski becomes the first person to end a World Series with a home run, as the Pirates beat the New York Yankees, four games to three.
- 1960 3rd presidential debate with Nixon in Hollywood and Kennedy in NY
- 1962 "Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?" opens on Broadway, with Uta Hagen
- 1963 "Beatlemania" is coined after the Beatles appear at the Palladium
- 1964 Voskhod 1 crew returns
- 1967 The first game in the history of the American Basketball Association is played as the Anaheim Amigos lose to the Oakland Oaks 134-129 in Oakland, California.
- 1969 Soyuz 8 is launched
- 1969 Visitor posting - Gwendolyn & Robert Price welcomed a baby girl Roberta into the world! It's now 2009 and I thank GOD I've lived to see 40! - USA
- 1970 Angela Davis arrested in NYC
- 1971 1971 World Series: The first night game in World Series history is played at Pittsburgh's Three Rivers Stadium between the Baltimore Orioles and Pittsburgh Pirates.
- 1972 Aeroflot Il-62 crashes in large pond outside Moscow, 176 die
- 1972 An Aeroflot Ilyushin Il-62 crashed outside Moscow killing 176.
- 1972 Uruguay to Chile plane crashes in Andes Mountain, (12/23 rescue)
- 1972 Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571 crashes in the Andes mountains, in between the borders of Argentina and Chile. By December 23, 1972 only 16 out of 45 people lived long enough to be rescued.
- 1976 A Bolivian Boeing 707 cargo jet crashes in Santa Cruz, Bolivia killing 100 (97, mostly children, killed on the ground).
- 1976 The first electron micrograph of an Ebola viral particle was obtained by Dr. F.A. Murphy, now at U.C. Davis, who was then working at the C.D.C..
- 1977 Four Palestinians hijack Lufthansa Flight 181 to Somalia and demand release of 11 members of the Red Army Faction.
- 1978 James Earl Ray, assassin of Martin Luther King weds Anna Sandhu
- 1978 Tiros N, US's First 3rd generation weather satellite, is launched
- 1979 Visitor posting - J. Patrick Capps, great-great-great-great nephew of Civil War general, 1864 Presidential candidate, and West Point alum George B. McClellan, was born in Nacogdoches, Texas, USA.
- 1981 Vice President Hosni Mubarak elected president of Egypt
- 1982 IOC restores 2 gold medals from 1912 Olympics to Jim Thorpe
- 1983 Ameritech Mobile Communications (now Cingular) launched the first US cellular network in Chicago, Illinois.
- 1984 Visitor posting - Angelina Anastasia Bachtel-birthday
- 1987 Costa Rican Pres Oscar Arias wins Nobel Peace Prize
- 1987 First military use of trained dolphins (US Navy in Persian Gulf)
- 1988 Concert at Masada ends Israel's 40th-anniversary fest
- 1989 Dow Jones down 190.58 points
- 1989 Visitor posting - Great Man has been born Nannapaneni Pradeep Chowdary - India
- 1990 End of the Lebanese war. Syrian forces launch an attack on the free areas of Lebanon removing General Michel Aoun from the presidential palace.
- 1991 Visitor posting - Christina Elizabeth Wilson was born and was found to be AWESOME! - USA
- 1992 Visitor posting - Nichole Marie Headley was born at 2am in the morning - USA
- 1992 Visitor posting - October 13 1992 Alexandra Victoria Coburn was born
- 1993 Captured American Pilot Mike Durant is filmed in an interview in captivity by a CNN camera crew.
- 1993 Visitor posting - Griselda Rodriguez was born at 12:31 PM, on a bright sunny Wednesday holloweenish afternoon :) she had wild monkey hair! but now she's a hot 16 year old (: - USA
- 1993 Visitor posting - Pedro born - USA
- 1993 Visitor posting - shawn was born at 930pm
- 2001 Visitor posting - Charles & Donna Kelly were married - USA
- 2003 The Public Library of Science commences publication of an open access scientific journal, PLoS Biology.
- 2007 Important Islamic date - Eid ul-Fitr (Festival of the Breaking of the Fast)
- 2008 Jewish Holiday - Sukkot - No work permitted on Oct. 14-15. Work is permitted on Oct. 16-17-19 with certain restrictions. October 13-19, 2008
- 2008 Visitor posting - Devin Varao makes his first rap (My Dream)
- 2008 Visitor posting - Francisco and Jennifer Alcala get married in Fayetteville, North Carolina - USA
- 2008 Visitor posting - Riley Jo McSpadden born. - USA
- 2009 A Russian court rejects a libel suit by Yevgeny Dzhugashvili, the grandson of Joseph Stalin, who claimed the Novaya Gazeta newspaper lied about Stalin personally signing death warrants.
- 2009 A previously unrecognized painting, La Bella Principessa, is attributed to Leonardo da Vinci on fingerprint evidence.
- 2009 An autopsy on the body of Boyzone singer Stephen Gately finds he died of natural causes.
- 2009 An investigation begins into the deaths of two Irish Army Air Corps pilots in a plane crash in County Galway on Monday.
- 2009 Angola and the Democratic Republic of the Congo agree to stop deporting each other's citizens in a dispute between the two countries.
- 2009 Czech President Václav Klaus tells his supporters he will never sign the Treaty of Lisbon.
- 2009 Members of the Norwegian Nobel Peace Prize jury speak out in defense of selecting U.S. President Barack Obama for the award.
- 2009 More than 260 Sri Lankan asylum seekers threaten to blow up their boat if Indonesian authorities force them to disembark.
- 2009 New Zealand police say an autopsy on two-year-old Aisling Symes reveals she drowned. She had initially been thought abducted but lay in a drain for one week as police searched.
- 2009 North and South Korea agree to hold talks on flood control and family reunions, after North Korea fired several short range missiles earlier this week.
- 2009 South African police use tear gas to disperse protesters demonstrating against poor living conditions in several towns.
- 2009 Spanish authorities arrest five members of the banned Basque political group Batasuna.
- 2009 Séamus Kirk is elected the 16th Ceann Comhairle of Ireland following the resignation of John O'Donoghue.
- 2009 The Philippines deploys soldiers and gunboats to surround the strongholds of suspected militants and pressure them to release an abducted Irish priest.
- 2009 The Romanian government loses a motion of no confidence, the first government to fall in 20 years since the fall of communism in the country.
- 2009 The United States Senate Finance Committee approves a bill for major healthcare reform. (BBC News)
- 2010 33 miners rescued after being trapped for 10 weeks 2,000 feet underground - Chile
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