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- 0610 Heraclius arrives by ship from Africa at Constantinople, overthrows Byzantine Emperor Phocas and becomes Emperor.
- 1209 Otto IV is crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by Pope Innocent III.
- 1227 Assassination of Caliph al-Adil.
- 1363 End of the Battle of Lake Poyang; the Chinese rebel forces of Zhu Yuanzhang defeat that of his rival, Chen Youliang, in one of the largest naval battles in history.
- 1511 Formation of the Holy League of Ferdinand II of Aragon, the Papal States and the Republic of Venice against France.
- 1537 The first complete English-language Bible (the Matthew Bible) is printed, with translations by William Tyndale and Miles Coverdale.
- 1582 Pope Gregory XIII implements the Gregorian Calendar. In Italy, Poland, Portugal, and Spain, October 4 of this year is followed directly by October 15.
- 1636 The Swedish Army defeats the armies of Saxony and the Holy Roman Empire at the Battle of Wittstock.
- 1636 The first code of law for Plymouth Colony
- 1648 Peter Stuyvesant establishes Americas 1st volunteer firemen
- 1693 Battle of Marsaglia: Piedmontese troops are defeated by the French.
- 1725 Foundation of Rosario in Argentina.
- 1777 Battle of Germantown: Troops under George Washington are repelled by British troops under Sir William Howe.
- 1779 The Fort Wilson Riot takes place.
- 1795 Napoleon Bonaparte first rises to national prominence with a "Whiff of Grapeshot", using cannon to suppress armed counter-revolutionary rioters threatening the French Legislature (National Convention).
- 1824 Mexico adopts a new constitution and becomes a federal republic.
- 1830 Creation of the state of Belgium after separation from The Netherlands.
- 1853 Crimean War: The Ottoman Empire declares war on Russia.
- 1854 Honest Abe Lincoln made his first great political speech while attending the Illinois State Fair in Springfield.
- 1862 Battle of Corinth ends
- 1864 New Orleans Tribune, first black daily newspaper, forms
- 1881 The player piano was invented by Edward Leveaux of Sussex, England, who received a patent for it this day.
- 1883 First run of the Orient Express.
- 1883 Orient Express' 1st run, linking Turkey to Europe by rail
- 1895 The first U.S. Open Men's Golf Championship administered by the United States Golf Association is played at the Newport Country Club in Newport, Rhode Island.
- 1901 Columbia (US) beats Shamrock II (England) in 12th America's Cup
- 1904 Frederic Auguste Bertholdi French sculptor ("Statue of Liberty") dies
- 1910 Adoption of the Flag of Bermuda.
- 1910 Declaration of the Portuguese Republic. King Manuel II flees to the United Kingdom.
- 1910 Portugal becomes a republic, King Manuel II flees to England
- 1912 Nicaraguan Gen Zeledon, opponent of US occupation, is executed
- 1916 Market Street's "Path of Gold" lit for 1st time
- 1918 An explosion kills more than 100 and destroys the T.A. Gillespie Company Shell Loading Plant in Sayreville, New Jersey. Fires and explosions continue for three days forcing massive evacuations and spreading ordnance over a wide area, pieces of which are still being found in 2007.
- 1921 Riccardo Zanella becomes first elected president of Free State of Fiume.
- 1922 The Canadian National Railway Company becomes a corporate entity (order in council P.C. 2094).
- 1923 Young Stribling held light-heavyweight boxing championship for the shortest amount of time (3 hrs). Referee overturns the decision
- 1926 Dahlia is officially designated as SF city flower
- 1927 Gutzon Borglum begins sculpting Mt. Rushmore.
- 1931 " Extra! Extra! Read all about it!" Gumshoe Dick Tracy debuted in The Detroit Mirror. A week later, The New York Daily News and hundreds of others picked up the Chester Gould comic strip.
- 1931 The comic strip Dick Tracy by Chester Gould debuts
- 1933 Esquire magazine was published for the first time. Considered racy for its time, it pales in comparison to today’ s choices of reading material
- 1940 Adolph Hitler & Benito Mussolini confer at Brenner Pass in the Alps
- 1940 Meeting between Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini at the Brenner Pass.
- 1940 Wrestling returns to Madison Sq Garden after 12 year lay off
- 1943 World War II: U.S. captures Solomon Islands.
- 1948 Gordon MacRae hosted the premiere of a radio classic. The Railroad Hour debuted on ABC radio. The theme song was I’ ve Been Working on the Railroad and the show was sponsored by -- get ready America’ s Railroads.
- 1949 American Contract Bridge League votes 58«% to keep blacks out
- 1954 Comedienne Spring Byington began the successful network TV series, December Bride -- on CBS.
- 1955 Rev Sun Young Moon leaves prison in Seoul
- 1957 "Leave It to Beaver," debuts on CBS
- 1957 Avro Arrow roll-out ceremony at Avro Canada plant in Malton, Ontario.
- 1957 Launch of Sputnik I, the first artificial satellite to orbit the Earth.
- 1957 Leave It to Beaver premiered on ABC-TV."..And starring Jerry Mathers as the Beaver," Hugh Beaumont (Ward Cleaver), Tony Dow (Wally), and Barbara Billingsley as Mrs. June Cleaver.
- 1958 5th French republic established
- 1958 Fifth Republic of France is established.
- 1958 Transatlantic comercial jet passenger service began (BOAC)
- 1959 USSR Luna 3 sent back 1st photos of Moon's far side
- 1960 Courier 1B Launched; 1st active repeater satellite in orbit
- 1960 Eastern Air Lines Flight 375, a Lockheed L-188 Electra, crashes after a bird strike on takeoff from Boston's Logan International Airport, killing 62 of 72 on board.
- 1962 Number one hit on UK music charts - Tornados - Telstar
- 1962 USAF Maj Robert A Rushworth takes X-15 to 32,300 m
- 1963 Gambia achieves full internal self-government
- 1964 3 cars of a commuter train derail in South Africa killing 81
- 1965 The first Pope to ever visit the United States of America, Pope Paul VI arrives in New York.
- 1965 USSR launches Luna 7; crash lands on Moon
- 1966 Basutoland becomes independent from the United Kingdom and is renamed Lesotho.
- 1966 Lesotho (Basutoland) gains independence from Britain (National Day)
- 1967 Omar Ali Saifuddin III of Brunei abdicates in favour of his son, His Majesty Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah.
- 1969 UN starts issuing postage stamps at Geneva headquarters
- 1970 Herbert Schmidtz makes highest parachute jump from a tower by leaping from a 1,984 ft TV mast in Tulsa, Oklahoma
- 1970 Jan Stenerud of Kansas City Chiefs kicks 55-yard field goal
- 1970 Janis Joplin died from a drug overdose. She was 27.
- 1971 Borden's opens a turn-of-century ice cream parlor at Disney World
- 1975 A Cessna 310Q airplane crashes over Wilmington, North Carolina, killing the pilot and severely injuring several pro wrestlers affiliated with the NWA's Mid-Atlantic promotion. One of the survivors is the legendary Ric Flair.
- 1975 Number one hit on UK music charts - David Essex - Hold Me Close
- 1976 Agriculture Secretary Earl Butz resigns due to telling a racial joke
- 1976 Official launch of the Intercity 125 High Speed Train (HST).
- 1976 TV audiences watched as Barbara Walters joined Harry Reasoner at the anchor desk of the ABC Evening News for the first time
- 1977 Pier 39 opens in SF
- 1981 Olympic star Bruce Jenner added the title of actor to his resume. He joined singer Harry Belafonte in their first dramatic roles on NBC-TV’ s Grambling’ s White Tiger
- 1983 Richard Noble sets a new land speed record of 633.468 mph (1,019 km/h), driving Thrust 2 at the Black Rock Desert of Nevada.
- 1983 Visitor posting - Nicole Lawson born!!
- 1984 There it goes! It could be, it might be, it’ s..." A sad day for long-suffering Chicago Cubs fans. Chicago lost to the Padres 7-1 in the National League Championship Series.
- 1985 Free Software Foundation is founded in Massachusetts, USA.
- 1985 Henry G Perry completes 157 day, 14,021 mile bicycle tour of Australia
- 1985 Shite Muslims claim to have killed hostage William Buckley
- 1986 Dan Rather, of The CBS Evening News, was mugged by two men in New York City.
- 1988 Pillsbury stock soars $18.37 to $57.37 on takeover bid
- 1988 U.S. televangelist Jim Bakker is indicted for fraud.
- 1990 Regional elections held, in what was East Germany
- 1991 NHL NY Rangers trade Bernie Nichols to Edmonton for Mark Messier
- 1991 The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty is opened for signature.
- 1991 Visitor posting - MIRA MERHEJ WAS BORN-LEBANON
- 1992 El Al Flight 1862: an El Al Boeing 747-258F crashes into two apartment buildings in Amsterdam, killing 43 including 39 on the ground.
- 1992 The Rome General Peace Accords ends a 16 year civil war in Mozambique.
- 1993 Visitor posting - Cara Greene aka the most awesome person was born - USA
- 1993 Visitor posting - Steven Bielmeier was welcomed into the World!! - USA
- 1993 Russian Constitutional Crisis: In Moscow, tanks bombard the White House, a government building that housed the Russian parliament, while demonstrators against President Boris Yeltsin rally outside.
- 1997 The second largest cash robbery in U.S. history occurs at the Charlotte, North Carolina office of Loomis, Fargo and Company. An FBI investigation eventually results in 24 convictions and the recovery of approximately 95% of the $17.3 million in cash which had been taken.
- 2001 Siberia Airlines Flight 1812: a Sibir Airlines Tupolev TU-154 crashes into the Black Sea after being struck by an errant Ukrainian S-200 missile. 78 people are killed.
- 2003 Maxim restaurant suicide bombing in Haifa, Israel: 21 Israelis, Jews and Arabs, are killed, and 51 others wounded.
- 2004 SpaceShipOne wins Ansari X Prize for private spaceflight.
- 2006 Visitor posting - Dylan was born - USA
- 2009 A strong 6.3 earthquake hits Taiwan in the middle of the night, waking people up in the capital Taipei.
- 2009 Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao commences his three-day visit to North Korea, and is greeted at the airport by ailing leader Kim Jong-il.
- 2009 Greek legislative election: Voters go to polls for a snap election.
- 2009 Nicolas Sarkozy has reportedly told David Cameron that it was "stupid" of him to pull the Conservative Party out of the European People's Party, with other world leaders such as Angela Merkel and Barack Obama also expressing their surprise at the move.
- 2009 One of the last prominent militant leaders in Nigeria's Niger Delta region, Government Ekpemupolo (Tompolo), agrees to an amnesty with the government.
- 2009 Pope Benedict XVI opens a three-week synod of African bishops with a Mass in St. Peter's Basilica in Rome.
- 2009 Pressure increases on the Czech and Polish nations to approve the Treaty of Lisbon; Polish President Lech Kaczynski is expected to sign it following the second Irish referendum but Czech President Václav Klaus continues to decline.
- 2009 Prime Minister-elect and PASOK leader George Papandreou promises to support the green economy and to deploy a stimulus package, as PM and New Democracy leader Kostas Karamanlis concedes defeat.
- 2009 Socialists win national elections in Greece, defeating a center-right government crippled by corruption scandals and a growing economic crisis.
- 2009 The British and French governments announce a "historic" £2.5 billion allocation to the International Monetary Fund to help less wealthy countries.
- 2010 Visitor posting - the day lewis bissit and anna reid fell in love - United Kingdom
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