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- 0490 -BC- Athenians defeat 2nd Persian invasion of Greece at Marathon
- 0490 BC - Athens defeats Persia at the Battle of Marathon - see also 12 August; origin of the marathon long-distance race (attributed to Pheidippides)
- 1213 Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester defeats Peter II of Aragon, the king of Aragon at the Battle of Muret.
- 1229 The Aragonese army under the command of James I of Aragon disembarks at Santa Pona, Mallorca, with the purpose of conquering the island.
- 1649 Drogheda, Ireland falls to Puritan troops; inhabitants massacred
- 1683 Austro-Ottoman War: Battle of Vienna - Several European armies join forces to defeat the Ottoman Empire.
- 1695 NY Jews petition governor Dongan for religious liberties
- 1758 Charles Messier observes the Crab Nebula and begins catalog
- 1814 Battle of North Point fought near Baltimore during War of 1812
- 1814 Battle of North Point: An American detachment halts the British land advance to Baltimore in the War of 1812.
- 1846 Elizabeth Barrett elopes with Robert Browning.
- 1848 Switzerland became a Federal state.
- 1857 423 die when the ship named "Central America" sinks off Cape Romain SC
- 1857 The SS Central America sinks about 160 miles east of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, drowning a total of 426 passengers and crew, including Captain William Lewis Herndon. The ship carried 13-15 tons of gold from the San Francisco Gold Rush.
- 1874 The District of Maple Ridge, British Columbia, Canada is founded.
- 1874 e District of Maple Ridge, British Columbia, Canada is founded.
- 1890 Salisbury is founded by the British South Africa Company in the Mashonaland territory that will become Rhodesia
- 1890 Salisbury, Rhodesia, is founded.
- 1895 Defender (US) beats Valkyrie III (England) in 10th America's Cup
- 1897 Battle of Saragarhi
- 1901 Arabs attack Gedara Palestine
- 1906 Newport Transporter Bridge is opened in Newport, South Wales by Viscount Tredegar.
- 1910 Premiere performance of Gustav Mahler's 8th symphony in Munich (with a chorus of 852 singers, with an orchestra of 171 players. Mahler's rehearsal assistant conductor was Bruno Walter)
- 1918 During WW I, US forces launch an attack on German-occupied St Mihiel
- 1918 Sgt. Henry John Laurent, 3rd NZ (Rifle) Brigade, won the Victoria Cross at Gouzeacourt Wood France
- 1920 7th Olympic games close in Antwerp Belgium
- 1923 Britain takes over Southern Rhodesia from British South Africa Co
- 1928 Katharine Hepburn's NY stage debut in "Night Hostess"
- 1930 Wilfred Rhodes ends his 1110-game first-class career by taking 5 for 95 for H.D.G. Leveson Gower's XI against the Australians.
- 1933 Le Szilrd, waiting for a red light on Southampton Row in Bloomsbury, conceives the idea of the nuclear chain reaction.
- 1933 Leó Szilárd, waiting for a red light on Southampton Row in Bloomsbury, conceives the idea of the nuclear chain reaction.
- 1934 Baltic Pact signed by Lithuania, Estonia and Latvia
- 1936 Visitor posting - Roger Hoult born - United Kingdom
- 1938 Adolf Hitler demands autonomy for the Germans of the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia.
- 1938 Adolph Hitler demands self-determination for Sudeten Germans in Czech
- 1940 49 die and 200 injured when Hercules Powder Co plant explodes (NJ)
- 1940 Cave paintings discovered in Lascaux, France.
- 1940 The Hercules Powder Company in Kenvil, New Jersey explodes, killing 51 people and injuring over 200.
- 1941 First German ship in WW2 captured by US ship (Busko)
- 1942 World War II: First day of the Battle of Edson's Ridge during the Guadalcanal campaign. U.S. Marines protecting Henderson Field on Guadalcanal are attacked by Imperial Japanese Army forces.
- 1942 World War II: RMS Laconia, carrying civilians, Allied soldiers and Italian POWs is torpedoed off the coast of West Africa and sinks.
- 1944 World War II: The liberation of Serbia from Nazi Germany and the Chetniks continues. Bajina Bata in western Serbia is among those liberated cities.
- 1947 The U.S. Screen Actors Guild implements an anti-Communist loyalty oath.
- 1948 Invasion of the State of Hyderabad by the Indian Army on the day after the Pakistani leader Jinnah's death to limit damage control. It lead to genocide of nearly 40,000 Hyderabadi Muslims by the Indian Army and Hindu mobs.
- 1953 Jacqueline Bouvier marries John F Kennedy
- 1953 Nikita Khrushchev is elected first secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
- 1959 Bonanza premiers. First regularly-scheduled TV program presented in color.
- 1959 Luna 2 launched by USSR; first spacecraft to impact on the Moon
- 1959 The Television show "Bonanza" premiers
- 1963 Number one hit on UK music charts - The Beatles - She Loves You
- 1964 First football game at Shea Stadium, Jets defeat Denver 30-6
- 1964 Typhoon Gloria strikes Taiwan killing 330, with $17.5 million damage
- 1965 Hurricane Betsy strikes Florida and Louisiana kills 75
- 1966 "The Monkees,"premier on NBC
- 1966 Gemini XI launched for 71-hour flight
- 1970 Number one hit on UK music charts - Smokey Robinson & The Miracles - Tears Of A Clown
- 1970 Palestinian terrorists blow up three hijacked airliners in Jordan, continuing to hold the passengers hostage in various undisclosed locations in Amman.
- 1970 USSR launches Luna 16; returns samples from lunar Sea of Fertility
- 1974 Coup overthrows Emperor Haile Selassie in Ethiopia (National Day)
- 1974 Juventude Africana Amilcar Cabral is founded in Guinea-Bissau.
- 1976 Visitor posting - September 12 1976 Saul was borm
- 1977 South African anti-apartheid activist Steve Biko is killed in police custody.
- 1979 Indonesia is hit with an earthquake that measures 8.1 on the Richter scale.
- 1980 Military coup in Turkey
- 1983 A Wells Fargo depot in West Hartford, Connecticut, United States, was robbed of approximately US$7 million by Los Macheteros .
- 1983 Security guard Victor Gerena robs West Hartford company of $7 million
- 1983 USSR vetoes UN resolution deploring its shooting down of Korean plane
- 1984 Country singer Barbara Mandrell is badly injured in a car accident
- 1986 240.49 million shares traded in the NY Stock Exchange
- 1986 Visitor posting - Ian Hart was Born!! - USA
- 1986 US professor Joseph Cicippio is kidnapped and held hostage in Beirut
- 1988 Gilbert, strongest hurricane ever (160 mph), devastates Jamaica
- 1990 The two German states and the Four Powers sign the Treaty on the Final Settlement With Respect to Germany in Moscow, paving the way for German re-unification.
- 1990 US, England, France, USSR, East and West Germanys sign agreements allowing the 2 Germanys to merge
- 1991 Space shuttle STS 48 (Discovery 14) launched
- 1992 Abimael Guzmn, leader of the Shining Path, is captured by Peruvian special forces; shortly thereafter the rest of Shining Path's leadership fell as well.
- 1992 Abimael Guzmán, leader of the Shining Path, is captured by Peruvian special forces; shortly thereafter the rest of Shining Path's leadership fell as well.
- 1992 NASA launches Space Shuttle Endeavour on STS-47 which marked the 50th shuttle mission. On board is Mae Carol Jemison, the first African-American woman in space.
- 1993 Visitor posting - Amber Marie Miller was born on Grandparents Day! - September 12th 1993! - USA
- 1993 Visitor posting - caleb earp was born on sunday - USA
- 1994 Frank Eugene Corder crashes a Cessna 150 into the White House's south lawn, striking the West wing and killing himself.
- 1995 Visitor posting - Jordan Ranae Spady Thomas was born!!!
- 1995 Visitor posting - Alex John Mihlbauer Was born to Terri & John Mihlbauer - USA
- 1995 Visitor posting - Marleigh Fruehling was born
- 1995 Visitor posting - Anna Dixson was born-Texas - USA
- 1996 Rocky Mountain Railtours runs the longest passenger train in Canadian history. Three GP40 locomotives hauled 34 cars from Vancouver to Kamloops.
- 1999 Visitor posting - my name is dikim im born september12 - USA
- 2001 Ansett Australia, Australia's first commercial interstate airline, collapses due to increased strain on the international airline industry leaving 10000 people unemployed.
- 2001 Article V of the NATO agreement is invoked for only the second time (the other being in Bosnia) in response to the September 11, 2001 attacks against the United States of America.
- 2003 The United Nations lifted sanctions against Libya after that country agreed to accept responsibility and recompense the families of victims in the 1988 bombing of Pan Am Flight 103.
- 2005 A blackout in Los Angeles affects millions of Californians.
- 2005 Hong Kong Disneyland opens in Penny's Bay, Lantau Island, Hong Kong.
- 2005 The red-green coalition, led by Jens Stoltenberg, wins the Norwegian parliamentary election, taking 87 of 169 seats in the parliament.
- 2007 An earthquake that measures 8.4 on the Richter scale occurred off the coast of Indonesia, producing a small tsunami.
- 2007 Former Philippine President Joseph Estrada was convicted for the crime of plunder.
- 2007 Visitor posting - Ashley Langel and Zach Smith start dating
- 2007 Shinzo Abe announced he resigns as Prime Minister of Japan.
- 2008 Chatsworth California Metrolink train crash kills 25, injures hundred - USA
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